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A 'Quasi-Rapid' Extinction Population Dynamics and Mammoths Overkill

机译:“准快速”灭绝种群动态和猛犸象过度杀伤力

摘要

In this work we suggest and consider an original, simple mathematical modelof a "quasi-rapid" extinction population dynamics. It describes a decrease andfinal extinction of the population of one prey species by a "quasi-rapid"interaction with one predator species with increasing population. This"quasi-rapid" interaction means ecologically that prey species behavespractically quite passively (since there is no time for any reaction, i.e.defense), like an appropriate environment, in respect to "quasi-rapid" activityof the predator species that can have different "quasi-rapid" huntingabilities. Mathematically, our model is based on a non-Lotka-Volterraian systemof two differential equations of the first order, first of which is linearwhile second, depending of a parameter that characterizes hunting ability isnonlinear. We compare suggested "quasi-rapid" extinction population dynamicsand the global model of the overkill of the prehistoric megafauna (mammoths).We demonstrate that our "quasi-rapid" extinction population dynamics is able torestitute successfully correlations between empirical (archeological) data andoverkill theory in North America as well as Australia. For this reason, weconclude that global overkill theory, completely mathematically modelable by"quasi-rapid" extinction population dynamics can consistently explain thePleistocene extinctions of the megafauna.
机译:在这项工作中,我们建议并考虑“准快速”灭绝种群动态的原始,简单的数学模型。它描述了通过与种群增加的一种捕食物种的“准快速”相互作用来减少一种捕食物种的种群并最终使其灭绝。这种“准快速”相互作用在生态学上意味着猎物物种在行为上非常被动(因为没有时间进行任何反应,即防御),就像适当的环境一样,对于捕食物种的“准快速”活动可能具有不同的行为“准快速”狩猎能力。在数学上,我们的模型基于一阶两个微分方程的非洛特卡-沃尔泰拉系统,第一个是线性的,第二个是线性的,这取决于表征狩猎能力是非线性的参数。我们比较了建议的“准快速”灭绝种群动态和史前巨型动物(猛mm象)过度杀伤的全局模型。我们证明了我们的“准快速”灭绝种群动态能够成功地恢复经验(考古学)数据与过度杀灭理论之间的相关性。在北美以及澳大利亚。由于这个原因,我们得出结论,可以用“准快速”灭绝种群动态在数学上完全建模的全局过度杀灭理论可以一致地解释大型动物的更新世灭绝。

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